Analysis of enrollment of postgraduate students of public health and preventive medicine in China, 2022 / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Based on the information of China Postgraduate Admissions Information Network and the official website of the enrollment unit, this study statistically analyzed the enrollment of master's and doctoral students in the first-level discipline of public health and preventive medicine in China in 2022. The results showed a regional imbalance in the enrollment of postgraduate students of public health and preventive medicine, research fields to be further expanded, a lack of international top colleges or institutions for public health and preventive medicine postgraduate cultivation, a weakening phenomenon in the cultivation of postgraduates related to infectious disease prevention and control, and the interdiscipline to be further strengthened. It is suggested to pay attention to the regional balance in the enrollment of public health and preventive medicine postgraduate students; the research field of postgraduate enrollment in public health and preventive medicine should be further expanded; the high-level public health colleges constructed needs to attach importance to postgraduate enrollment and cultivation, and to balance infectious and non-infectious disease research; public health and preventive medicine should be combined with life science, biosafety/biosecurity, and social sciences.

Overall planning and optimization: characteristics analysis of the medical doctoral supervisor and consideration of the current situation of enrollment / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This study has combed and analyzed the characteristics of medical doctoral supervisors and the enrollment status from 2015 to 2018 in Tongji University School of Medicine. The results show that the distribution of doctoral supervisors' age, gender and professional title is relatively balanced. The enrollment situation shows the clustering trend. There are obvious differences in enrollment among clinical medical disciplines, and the scales of doctoral supervisors and doctoral students are not matched and unevenly distributed. It is essential to give an overall consideration in discipline resources and optimize enrollment allocation, for improving the construction of doctoral supervisors and the quality of doctoral training.

An empirical research on the enrollment quality of master of stomatology professional degree graduate students—Based on the statistical data of the comprehensive evaluation of professional degree graduate students by the guiding physicians / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:Based on the statistical data of the comprehensive evaluation of professional degree graduate students by the guiding physicians, to conduct an empirical study on the quality of the enrollment of master of stomatology professional degree graduate students.Methods:A total of 67 master of stomatology professional degree graduate students from Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University were comprehensively evaluated by their guiding physicians when they went out the department. SPSS 25.0 software was used for t test and variance analysis. Results:The average score of 67 students was (91.39±3.55) points. There was good reliability and validity for the comprehensive evaluation index. Among the methods of promotion and exemption, unified examination, 7-year transfer to "5 + 3" of our school and enrollment of students from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan regions, the comprehensive evaluation total score of 7-year transfer to "5 + 3" of our school was the highest. The comprehensive evaluation results of the students with high initial scores were slightly higher than those students with low scores. The students who studied in the "Double First-class" universities and were with the fourth round of subject assessment grade A and grade B had better performances.Conclusion:We should attach importance to enrollment quality, through various channels to attract quality students and actively explore ways to improve the quality of graduate students. Meanwhile, we should make efforts to strengthen training quality and to build scientific comprehensive evaluation system for specialized degree graduate students. The connotation of "medicine-education collaboration" will be further deepened. And the training and development of oral medicine applied high-level medical talents will be promoted.

Discussion on medical postgraduate enrollment quality based on characteristic analysis of students applying for Peking University Third Hospital / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To realize the characteristics of postgraduate students applying for Peking University Third Hospital and to explore the strategies to improve the enrollment quality on the background of "Double first-class".Methods:Enrollment data from 2015 to 2019 of the Peking University Third Hospital was statistically analyzed by SPSS 17.0 software. For variables that did not conform to the normal distribution, median and quartile were utilized for description. Mann-Whitney U test was utilized for comparison between admission group and non-admission group. For the counting data, number of cases and proportion were utilized for description. The comparison between groups was performed by chi-square test or Fisher precision test. All tests were two-sided and had a significance level of 0.05. Results:The average enrollment ratio was 4.9∶1. The overall admission rate of first choice was 76.9% (450/585), which kept increased steadily, and the gap between national key clinical specialties and non-key specialties was narrowed. The geographical distribution of students was mainly in north China (30%, 175/585) and east China (28%, 164/585). The admission group had characteristics of high score of CET-6 (505 vs. 480, Z=-5.86, P<0.001) and young age (24 vs. 25, Z=-8.15, P<0.001). The proportion of "985", "211" or "Double first-class" universities, patents invention, conference speeches and high level awards in admission group was higher than that in non-admission group. Conclusion:Sustainable policies should be taken to constantly improve the quality of enrollment including establishing sound mechanism of discipline adjustment and optimization, increasing the publicity of enrollment nationwide, and strengthening the selection of the comprehensive ability of students centered on the construction of first-class disciplines.

Interpretation of Implementation Plan for Enrollment and Assessment of Clinical Pharmacist Teacher Training Project of Chinese Hospital Association （Trial） / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To interpret the new version of the Implementation Plan for Enrollment and Assessment of Clinical Pharmacist Teacher Training Project of Chinese Hospital Association （Trial）（hereinafter referred to as the “New Plan ”）officially announced by the Chinese Hospital Association in Sept. 2021，in order to provide guidance and reference for smoothly promoting the implementation of the New Plan and realizing the original intention of the reform. METHODS ：The New Plan was interpreted from four aspects ，including the background of the formulation of the New Plan ，the main features presented ，the innovations and the issues that need to be paid attention to in the next implementation. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：The formulation and release of the New Plan marks the beginning of a new round of reform of the clinical pharmacist teacher training program of the Chinese Hospital Association. It is mainly based on the actual problems encountered in the operation of the current clinical pharmacist teacher training system ，the importance of clinical pharmacistteacher training itself ，and the opportunities and challenges that the development of the times has brought to our country ’s 163.com clinical pharmacy business. Research foundation ， problem orientation and professional demonstration present important characteristics. Compared with the old plan ，the New Plan adds a substantive selection mechanism for majors ，which intends to achieve the necessary “strictness”in the enrollment process ；it reconstructs the overall training goal of the benchmarking project and the three-in-one assessment system ，which intends to achieve a reasonable “lax”of assessment link ；it removes restrictions on off-site training ，advocates wide-ranging professional docking，and improves the flexibility of the training system and process management. The implementation of the New Plan is a complex work involving multiple parties and is affected by many factors. It requires multiple teams to perform their duties and promote together. The teacher training base and expert team must understand the spirit of reform and achieve the stable implementation of the New Plan ；at the same time ，the communication between the project working group and the teaching base and experts should be strengthened ，and finally realize the original intention of the reform of cultivating more high-quality clinical pharmacy teachers.

Are medical undergraduate really unwilling to apply for clinic medicine speciality? Based on the quality of 5-year medical undergraduates / 中国卫生政策研究

Objective:To investigate the quality of 5-year medical undergraduates in China,analyze the influ-ence factors and put forward relevant policy suggestions. Method:By stratified random sampling,there are 24 medi-cal colleges or universities in northeastern, eastern, central, southern and southwestern China were included. Ac-cording to access the official websites,the enrollment data of 5-year medical undergraduates were collected. Result:The percentile of medical students'average score in entrance examination was around 33.46% ~56.32% in the first batch. There are significant difference among areas about the quality of medical undergradnates. Conclusion:At pres-ent,the quality of the 5-year medical undergraduates is good. Because high quality students unwilling to apply for clinical medicine,the quality of students declined. For this question,the suggestions are to improve enrollment sta-tus,school finical support,medical environment and doctors' welfare.

Discussion on enrollment reform of clinical medical postgraduates / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This paper analyzes the current enrollment situation of clinical medical postgraduates, such as the gap between schools and regions, the structure of students diversification and the uneven quality, discusses the training target of clinical medical postgraduates, probes into the principles of enrollment for clinical medical postgraduates and the reexamination program which includes re qualification examination, qualification examination, physical examination, interview, written examination, clinical skills assessment, and puts forward some pertinent suggestions.

Knowledge and Perception about Clinical Research Shapes Behavior: Face to Face Survey in Korean General Public

Considering general public as potential patients, identifying factors that hinder public participation poses great importance, especially in a research environment where demands for clinical trial participants outpace the supply. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate knowledge and perception about clinical research in general public. A total of 400 Seoul residents with no previous experience of clinical trial participation were selected, as representative of population in Seoul in terms of age and sex. To minimize selection bias, every fifth passer-by was invited to interview, and if in a cluster, person on the very right side was asked. To ensure the uniform use of survey, written instructions have been added to the questionnaire. Followed by pilot test in 40 subjects, the survey was administered face-to-face in December 2014. To investigate how perception shapes behavior, we compared perception scores in those who expressed willingness to participate and those who did not. Remarkably higher percentage of responders stated that they have heard of clinical research, and knew someone who participated (both, P < 0.001) compared to India. Yet, the percentage of responders expressed willingness to participate was 39.3%, a significantly lower rate than the result of the India (58.9% vs. 39.3%, P < 0.001). Treatment benefit was the single most influential reason for participation, followed by financial gain. Concern about safety was the main reason for refusal, succeeded by fear and lack of trust. Public awareness and educational programs addressing these negative perceptions and lack of knowledge will be effective in enhancing public engaged in clinical research.

Perfil de ingreso de los alumnos de Enfermería, Facultades de Estudios Superiores Iztacala y Zaragoza, UNAM / Nursing student's enrollment profile, Iztacala and Zaragoza Superior Studies Faculties, UNAM

Introducción: La Universidad tiene como una de sus tareas conocer a los estudiantes, ya que en la medida que nuestro sistema de educación logre tener mayor información sobre el perfil de éstos y sus trayectorias escolares, se podrán diseñar e implementar políticas novedosas y funcionales que atiendan las necesidades específicas de su población. Objetivo: Analizar el perfil de los estudiantes que ingresan a la Licenciatura en Enfermería de México. Las Facultades de Estudios Superiores (FES) Iztacala y Zaragoza. Método: Estudio descriptivo-transversal, con estudiantes de primer ingreso de la generación 2011-I de la FES Zaragoza e Iztacala. La población de estudio fueron 600 alumnos. La recolección de la información fue a través de un cuestionario. La confiabilidad del instrumento fue de 0.875 con la prueba de Alfa de Cronbach. Para el manejo de la información se elaboró una base de datos con el programa SPSS® y se utilizó estadística descriptiva. Resultados: El 49% de alumnos proviene de pase reglamentado, el promedio de ingreso es de 8.1 a 9.0; en el 61% Enfermería fue primera elección; el nivel socioeconómico de los alumnos es bajo; en el 74% el promedio durante el primer año fue de 8.0 a 10.0. Discusión: A diferencia de otras Carreras de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), la de Enfermería da cabida a casi el 50% de los aspirantes de escuelas externas a ella. Los alumnos aún cuando son de nivel socioeconómico bajo, reúnen características favorables para su trayectoria escolar, entre ellas, un buen promedio y que fueron admitidos en la Carrera que seleccionaron.

Introduction: The University has as one of its tasks to better know the profiles and trajectories of students, so that supporting innovative and functional policies can be designed and implemented. Objective: To analyze the profile of students enrolling into the Nursing Undergraduate System at the Iztacala and Zaragoza Superior Studies Faculty. Method: Basic-descriptive study with freshmen students of the 2011-I generation of the Nursing Bachelors Degree program at the FES Zaragoza and Iztacala. the population was 600 alumni. A questionnaire was used to gather data. the instrument reliability was equivalent to a 0.875 Cronbach Alpha score. A SPSS® database was created and data were analyzed through descriptive statistics. Results: The 49% of the students came from the "automatic pass" format. The enrollment grade point average went from 8.1 to 9.0. For the 61% of the students, nursing was their first choice of major. The socioeconomic level of the students was low. The 76% of the students obtained a grade point average between 8.0 and 10.0 during all their freshman year. Discussion: Unlike other careers at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Nursing accepts almost 50% of the prospects from external schools, situation which does not occur in other careers. Although the majority of students who entered have a low social-economical level, they have other favorable characteristics for their school trajectory such as a good grade point average and that they were accepted in the career that they chose.

“МОНОС” ДЭЭД СУРГУУЛИЙН ОЮУТНЫ СУРЛАГЫН ЧАНАРТ ХИЙСЭН СУДАЛГАА / Монголын эм зүй, эм судлал

Introduction: Competitiveness is inseparable linked to the quality of teaching in higher education. Therefore, the higher education institutions in many countries around the world to improve international competitiveness in education and special programs to strengthen and develop and implement a successful education policy. Between 1992 and 2012, the number of higher education institutions has increased rapidly in Mongolia. At this time seventeen institutions of higher education increased to 74, and 72 percent has private universities. By 2012, the total number of students increased to 175128, of which 88.7% are enrolled in a bachelor’s degree. In health science, 17575 medical students, of which 16169 are enrolled bachelor’s degree. When we discuss about educational service issues, It is important to consider enrollment, teaching and alumni. To determine the applicant’s quality, it is measured mainly by the university of enrollment examination score of high school, which is measuring the school’s reputation and quality. In recent years, the number of universities or institutes are increased, the number of secondary school graduates were decreased, According to government policy, the strategy is expected to reduce the number of private and state universities or institutes. It shows that it is necessary to study the competitiveness of “Monos” institutes. The purpose of this study is analyzing the student’s learning quality who is studying in “Monos” institute and determining between their general enrollment examination scores and grade point average (GPA) relationship. Materials and Methods: In this survey, included 2010 - 2014 academic year general enrollment examination score and GPA of students learning pharmacist specialty in bachelor degree, used these documents performed mathematical statistical methods using Microsoft excel and SPSS-16 software. Result: It shows a comparison GPA and general enrollment examination score of “Monos” institute’s students which is including from second year’s to fifth year’s. The students GPA and general enrollment examination score has a correlation as measured by the Pearson correlation coefficient which means statistically significant dependence. Second year student’s correlation of GPA and general enrollment examination score (r = 0.3, p = 0.01), junior’s (r = 0.3, p = 0.02), fourth year students (r = 0.3, p = 0.09), senior’s (r = 0.3, p = 0.01). Conclusion: 1. The sophomore to senior year students GPA and the relationship between the general enrollment examinations has been considered Pearson correlation coefficients are statistically significant correlations, directly related to. 2. When we compare a general enrollment examination score, students who have above 500 points are possessing 69% for senior’s, fourth year students are possessing 70%, junior’s 89% and second year students are possessing 97%. In summary, applicants quality have improved in recent years, and so high general enrollment exam scored students must be accepted by Universities and Institutes . 3. To compare between second year student’s GPA to senior student‘s, starting to require professional basic lessons in the second year’s, student’s GPA is decreased. Key word: Studying quality, GPA, General enrollment examination

Recruitment and enrollment in a randomized clinical trial of mandibular two-implant overdenture

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a promotion campaign for subject recruitment and selection, and reasons of withdrawal from a prospective clinical trial of mandibular two-implant supported overdenture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The subjects of this study were participants in a randomized controlled clinical trial for investigating prognosis of implants and overdentures with attachments. Recruited subjects were classified by gender, age, and participation motives. Withdrawal rate of the participants before and after enrollment were evaluated. RESULTS: 177 patients were recruited and 51 patients were enrolled for the trial. Among them, 40 participants eventually took part in the trial. 116 subjects (65.5%) were recruited by advertisement and 61 (34.5%) were referred by patients of the hospital or local clinics. Regarding recruitment effectiveness, newspaper recruited the largest number of participants. With respect to referral patients, the proportion of our hospital patients was higher (37/61). Subjects in their 70s comprised the largest proportion (22/51). The male to female ratio was similar (25:26). Final withdrawal rate of all subjects were 74.0%. Among the reasons for withdrawal from enrollment (n=126) presence of remaining teeth and lack of motivation were the most common reasons. CONCLUSION: To facilitate recruitment of clinical trial subjects and improve enrollment rate, it is important to obtain a sufficient number of researchers, perform promotion activity with diverse strategies, cooperate with local dentists, increase the research funding, and alleviate subjects' fear against clinical trials by thorough consultation.

Nurses migration, deployment, enrollment and board passing trends in the Philippines(1999-2008)

Over the years, trends in international nurse migration and deployment as growth strategy have tremendous increased, resulting in the poliferation of nursing school, and remarkable increase in student enrolment in the nursing program. This is telling indicator that migration has woven its way into the educational and work aspiration of Filipinos. This study thus aims to investigate the migration and deployment trends in Filipino nurses, trends growth in the number of nursing schools, increase of enrolment and board passing rates; and phenomenon. Using the historical method of inquiry, data and information were gathered retrospectively from five (5) participating agencies, namely: CFO, POEA, CHED, PRC, and DOLE. The empirical data were then transcribed and subjected to analytical procedures, using the exponential time series analysis. The study revealed that the dominant destination country for permanent migration, that is for Filipino migrant nurses, is the USA; and deployment of nurses, that is for temporary migration, is the Saudi Arabia. Thus, the rise and fall of overall migration and deployment is largely dictated by the demand of USA with more permissive law for permanent migration; whereas, migration to other countries has a very insignificant effect on overall Filipino nurse migration. There is general decreasing trend in overall migration and deployment. Although deployment trend to Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and other countries is significantly increasing, deployment to the United Kingdom and Ireland is decreasing; hence overall migration cannot be predicted. In general, it cannot significantly claimed that overall migration and deployment is increasing. With this scenario, nursing education with increasing enrolment and number of nursing schools coupled with decreasing board passing rate must be reassessed in the light of migration and deployment as a growth strategy.

Inserción de las mujeres en la ciencia / Women's participation in science

La inserción femenina a la educación superior en México y en gran parte del mundo, sucede a finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX. Los últimos treinta años han sido testigos de un aumento de la presencia femenina en las universidades, fenómeno estudiado como la “feminización de la matrícula”. Presentamos una breve reflexión del tema, con el fin de analizar de qué forma estas nuevas condiciones en el acceso a la educación se reflejan en la inserción de las mujeres en el ámbito científico. Repasamos el tema de la recomposición matricular, la segregación por áreas de estudio, tanto de varones como de mujeres, la participación a nivel posgrado (especialidad, maestría y doctorado) e indagamos la proporción de mujeres en la ciencia. Mientras en la educación superior se habla de una proporción entre varones y mujeres de casi 50 a 50 y en algunas áreas se ha llegado a reportar mayor presencia femenina, en el ámbito de investigación científica las mujeres apenas representan 30%. Esto responde en gran medida a condiciones estructurales en las que aún prevalece la dificultad de las mujeres para acceder a territorios de mayor jerarquía que han sido preponderantemente masculinos.

The participation of women in higher education in Mexico took place in the late 19th and early 20th century. The rise of women's enrollment in universities known as the [quot ]feminization of enrollment[quot ] occurred in the last thirty years. In this review we analyze how the new conditions that facilitated better access to higher education are reflected in the inclusion of women in science. We include an overview of the issues associated with a change in the demographics of enrollment, segregation of academic areas between men and women and participation in post graduate degrees. We also review the proportion of women in science. While in higher education the ratio between male and women is almost 50-50 and in some areas the presence of women is even higher, in the field of scientific research women account for barely 30% of professionals. This is largely due to structural conditions that limit the access of women to higher positions of power that have been predominantly taken by men.

Investigation Report on the Enrollment Situation of Continuing Education in Henan University of TCM in 2008 / 国际中医中药杂志

The author made a deep analysis to the enrollment situation in the College of Continuing Education, Henan University of TCM, in 2008. The analysis showed that the enrollment source of the undergraduate students is better than the junior college student; Enrollment source of the preponderance professions of TCM such as traditional Chinese medicine, Integrated Chinese and Western medicine, acupuncture and moxibustion and Tuina of Chinese medicine, and science of Chinese material medica is better than non-preponderance profession; The enrollment source of local city is better than other cities. Thus we advocate: paying adequate attention to the enrollment of undergraduate students, increasing the teaching level; setting up preponderance professions of TCM, highlighting characteristics of schooling ; digging enrollment source of local area, and expanding enrollment source from other cities.

Reform of Pre-graduate Practice Under the Condition of the Enlarging Enrollments in Universities / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This article analyses the measures concerning how to improve the quality and ensure the effect of pre-graduate practice on the enlarging of enrollments of GDPU.By discussing the multi-aspects of pre-graduate practice,such as integrating concentrate practice with decentralization practice,setting up the steady practice base,double-tutor system,strengthening the monitor of practice,multi-model of practice,in combination with industry,education and research etc.the article explores the approach to the reform of mode of the pre-graduate practice.

Analysis of the student enrollment by nursing school of PUMC from 2003 to 2006 / 基础医学与临床

This is a review of student enrollment by nursing school of PUMC from 2003 to 2006.The paper covers the introduction of national policy for student enrollment,analysis of PUMC student background and challenge in the processing of student admission.The information supports the reformation of enrollment in terms of matriculation including objective and constructed interviewing approach.

Non-Relapse Rate in a 24 Week Follow-up Clinical Study with Korean Male Alcohol-Dependent Patients / 신경정신의학

OBJECTIVES: In order to provide useful data for the further clinical studies with Korean alcohol-dependent patients, enrollment and non-relapse rates were investigated while alcohol-dependent patients were followed up for 24 weeks. METHODS: The subjects of this study were alcohol-dependent male patients who, for the first time, visited a hospital among 3 groups of hospitals, University Hospital, General Hospital or Mental Hospital, or those who needed to be followed up after discharge from those hospitals. After assigning 12 subjects to each hospital, we investigated enrollment and non-relapse rates while cognitive-behavioral therapy and pharmacotherapy were provided. RESULTS: 1) Forty-eight patients were enrolled and the rate of enrollment was 36.4%. The enrollment rate in the University Hospital group was 52.1%, in the General Hospital group 50.0%, and in the Mental Hospital group 10.4%. 2) In 48 patients, non-relapse rate was 27.1% at 12 week and 18.8% at 24 weeks after starting follow-up. It was 24.4% and 20.0% at 12 and 24 weeks, repectively, in the University Hospital group while the General Hospital group showed 33.3% and 16.7%, respectively, and the Mental Hospital Group showed 20.0% at both 12 and 24 weeks. CONCLUSION: These results provide important data for further clinical studies of Korean alcohol-dependent patients.

Enrollment Selection by Admissions-Office (Attitude-Evaluation) System in Medical School / 医学教育

There are some issues concerning the domains of “attitude” and “habit” which are indispensable for medical students, such as motivation for problem-based learning and acquiring skills for smooth communication with medical staff and patients. In addition, some well-known limitations exist in medical education in these domains. Kochi Medical School has introduced an admissions-office (attitude-evaluation) system for enrollment selection to assess the abilities that applicants have acquired through experiences since birth. Although this system has a very short history, a follow-up survey 1 year after admission strongly suggests that this type of entrance examination system based on attitude evaluation is effective.

Ethical Exploration of the Right of Privacy in College Enrollment Physical Examination / 中国医学伦理学

The enrollment physical examination,as a real assessment of the physical and health condition for those high school graduates,is of great referencing significance for their major selection.Therefore,during the examination process,medical staff involved should enhance their recognition for relevant legal regulations,and fully respect graduates′ rights of privacy and informed consent,to ensure the impartiality,fairness,reality,and effectiveness of the assessment result,and guarantee the legal rights of high school graduates.

Mahidol university enrollment in academic year 1982.

This research studies the 1982 Mahidol University freshman students of 3 levels : certificate curriculum, undergraduate and graduate. The purpose is to find out their personal data including social, economic and educational background, as well as their ability and chief interest in extra curriculum activities. The analysis is based on the “Application and register form of the freshman students.” The result shows that the majority of the freshman students of all 3 levels are females. There are 696 certificate curriculum freshman studies. Of this number 76.4% are females with an average age of 20.7 years (SD = 4 years) from different home areas. Most of them obtained their higher education in their home areas. Most of the parents are farmers. Of the undergraduate freshman students, 980 are admitted through the State Universities annual entrance examination, 457 are admitted through the Mahidol University entrance examination, 68.8% of both groups are females. The average age of the first group is 18 years and of the second group 29.5 years. (SD = 5.5 years). The majority (43.2%) live in Bangkok, 74.0% of these students obtained their higher education in Bangkok. Most of the parents run their own businesses. There are 453 first year graduate students. Of this number 61.6% are females, the majority of which are single. Most of the students (33.8%) live in Bangkok, 26.5% graduated from Mahidol University. Most of the fathers run their own businesses. Most of the mothers are housewives.